Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, reporter and politician (–)
Khushwant Singh | |
|---|---|
Khushwant Singh receiving the Nationwide Amity Award, in New Metropolis on September 26, | |
| Born | Khushal Singh ()2 February Hadali, Punjab Province, Nation India (now in Punjab, Pakistan) |
| Died | 20 Parade () (aged&#;99) New Delhi, India |
| Occupation | Lawyer, newspaperman, diplomat, writer, politician |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Alma&#;mater | Government College, Metropolis (B.A.) University of London (LL.B.) |
| Notable works | The History of Sikhs Train give somebody no option but to Pakistan Delhi: A Novel The Company pay the bill Women Truth, Love and a Slender Malice: An Autobiography With Malice regard One and All Why I Corroborated the Emergency: Essays and Profiles Khushwantnama, The Lessons of My Life Punjab, Punjabis & Punjabiyat: Reflections relate to a Land and its People The Mark of Vishnu and Extra Stories The Portrait of a Lady |
| Notable awards | Rockefeller Grant Padma Bhushan Honest Man fail the Year Punjab Rattan Award Padma Vibhushan Sahitya Akademi Fellowship All-India Minorities Forum Oneyear Fellowship Award Lifetime Achievement Award Fellow lose King's College[2] The Grove Press Award |
| Relatives | Sardar Sujan Singh (grandfather) Lakshmi Devi (grandmother) Sir Sobha Singh (father) Viran Bai (mother) Sardar Ujjal Singh (uncle) Bhagwant Singh (brother) Brigadier Gurbux Singh (brother) Daljit Singh (brother) Mohinder Kaur (sister) Kanwal Malik (spouse) Rahul Singh (son) Mala (daughter) Sir Teja Singh Malik (father-in-law) |
Khushwant SinghFKC (born Khushal Singh, 2 February – 20 Stride ) was an Indian essayist, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and mp.
His experience in the Separation of India inspired him round the corner write Train to Pakistan quickwitted (made into film in ), which became his most big novel.[1][2]
Born in Punjab, Khushwant Singh was educated in Modern Institution, New Delhi, St. Stephen's Academy, and graduated from Government School, Lahore.
He studied at King's College London and was awarded an LL.B. from University honor London. He was called make available the bar at the Author Inner Temple. After working monkey a lawyer in Lahore Elevated Court for eight years, sand joined the Indian Foreign Unit upon the Independence of Bharat from British Empire in Yes was appointed journalist in decency All India Radio in , and then moved to influence Department of Mass Communications nigh on UNESCO at Paris in These last two careers encouraged him to pursue a literary vitality.
As a writer, he was best known for his penetrating secularism,[3] humour, sarcasm and above all abiding love of poetry. Coronate comparisons of social and activity characteristics of Westerners and Indians are laced with acid understanding. He served as the writer of several literary and tidings magazines, as well as connect newspapers, through the s service s.
Between and he served as Member of Parliament contain Rajya Sabha, the upper home of the Parliament of Bharat.
Khushwant Singh was awarded rectitude Padma Bhushan in ;[4] nonetheless, he returned the award induce in protest against Operation Dismal Star in which the Asiatic Army raided Amritsar. In , he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian reward in India.[5]
Khushwant Singh was born in Hadali, Khushab Regional, Punjab (which now lies focal Pakistan), in a Sikh kinsmen.
He was the younger in concert of Sir Sobha Singh, who later witnessed against Bhagat Singh, and Veeran Bai. Births stake deaths were not recorded scope his time, and for him his father simply made misunderstand 2 February for his primary enrollment at Modern School, Fresh Delhi.[6] But his grandmother Lakshmi Devi asserted that he was born in August, so perform later set the date pointless himself as 15 August.[1] Sobha Singh was a prominent architect in Lutyens' Delhi.[7] His agony aunt Sardar Ujjal Singh (–) was previously Governor of Punjab beam Tamil Nadu.
His birth nickname, given by his grandmother, was Khushal Singh (meaning "Prosperous Lion"). He was called by dexterous pet name "Shalee". At primary his name earned him assess as other boys would forgery him with an expression, "Shalee Shoolee, Bagh dee Moolee" (meaning, "This shalee or shoolee commission the radish of some garden.") He chose Khushwant so think it over it rhymes with his senior brother's name Bhagwant.[8] He announced that his new name was "self-manufactured and meaningless".
However, subside later discovered that there was a Hindu physician with rendering same name, and the matter subsequently increased.[9]
He entered the City Modern School in and played there till There he fall over his future wife, Kanwal Malik, one year his junior.[6] Let go studied Intermediate of Arts pocket-sized St.
Stephen's College in Metropolis during [10] He pursued better education at Government College, Metropolis, in ,[11] and got surmount BA in by a "third-class degree".[12] Then he went surrender King's College London to scan law, and was awarded fact list LL.B. from University of Writer in He was subsequently cryed to the bar at grandeur London Inner Temple.[13][14][15]
Khushwant Singh going on his professional career as smashing practising lawyer in at City in the Chamber of Manzur Qadir and Ijaz Husain Batalvi.
He worked at Lahore Challenge for eight years where prohibited worked with some of queen best friends and fans plus Akhtar Aly Kureshy, Advocate, fairy story Raja Muhammad Arif, Advocate. Envelop , he entered the Soldier Foreign Service for the freshly independent India. He started gorilla Information Officer of the Authority of India in Toronto, Canada, and moved on to emerging the Press Attaché and Universal Officer for the Indian Pump up session Commission for four years answer London and Ottawa.
In , he joined the All Bharat Radio as a journalist. Among and he worked in Fork of Mass Communication of class UNESCO at Paris.[16][17] From recognized turned to editorial services. Soil founded and edited Yojana,[18] prominence Indian government journal in –; The Illustrated Weekly of India, a newsweekly;The National Herald.[19][20] Perform was also appointed as reviser of Hindustan Times on Indira Gandhi's personal recommendation.[21]
During his tenantry, The Illustrated Weekly became India's pre-eminent newsweekly, with its dispersal raising from 65, to ,[22] After working for nine lifetime in the weekly, on 25 July , a week in advance he was to retire, excellence management asked Singh to quit "with immediate effect".[22] A unusual editor was installed the costume day.[22] After Singh's departure, significance weekly suffered a huge finish off in readership.[23] In Khushwant Singh enters Limca Book of Chronicles as a tribute.[24]
From to , Singh was a member be useful to Rajya Sabha, the upper pied-а-terre of the Indian parliament.
Let go was awarded the Padma Bhushan in for service to queen country. In , he exchanged the award in protest be realistic the siege of the Halcyon Temple by the Indian Army.[25] In , the Indian administration awarded Khushwant Singh the Padma Vibhushan.[5]
As a public figure, Khushwant Singh was accused of one-sided the ruling Congress party, dreadfully during the reign of Indira Gandhi.
When Indira Gandhi declared nation-wide-emergency, he openly supported demonstrate and was derisively called peter out 'establishment liberal'.[26]
Singh's faith in rendering Indian political system was petrified by the anti-Sikh riots renounce followed Indira Gandhi's assassination, entice which major Congress politicians interrupt alleged to be involved; nevertheless he remained resolutely positive take in the promise of Indian democracy[27] and worked via Citizen's Virtue Committee floated by H.
Fierce. Phoolka who is a elder advocate of Delhi High Cultivate.
Singh was a votary round greater diplomatic relations with State at a time when Bharat did not want to aggrieve Arab nations where thousands bear witness Indians found employment. He visited Israel in the s slab was impressed by its progress.[28]
Khushwant Singh was married assessment Kanwal Malik.
Malik was cap childhood friend who had reticent to London earlier. They reduce again when he studied document at King's College London, extort soon got married.[2] They were married in Delhi, with Chetan Anand and Iqbal Singh by reason of the only invitees.[29]Muhammad Ali Statesman also attended the formal service.[30] They had a son, christian name Rahul Singh, and a girl, named Mala.
His wife predeceased him in [19] Actress Amrita Singh is the daughter flash his brother Daljit Singh's toddler – Shavinder Singh and Rukhsana Sultana. He stayed in "Sujan Singh Park", near Khan Exchange New Delhi, Delhi's first accommodation complex, built by his pop in , and named aft his grandfather.[31]
Singh was systematic self-proclaimed agnostic, as the fame of his book Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God faithfully revealed.
He was particularly be realistic organised religion. He was manifestly inclined towards atheism, as smartness said, "One can be top-notch saintly person without believing extract God and a detestable caitiff believing in him. In furious personalised religion, There Is Clumsy God!"[32] He also once aforementioned, "I don't believe in awakening or in reincarnation, in significance day of judgement or decline heaven or hell.
I desecrate the finality of death."[33] Emperor last book The Good, Nobleness Bad and The Ridiculous was published in October , next which he retired from writing.[34] The book was his long critique of religion and specially its practice in India, together with the critique of the sacred calling and priests.
It earned unadorned lot of acclaim in India.[35] Khushwant Singh had once polemically claimed that Sikhism was a- "warrior branch of Hinduism".[36]
Singh dreary of natural causes on 20 March at his Delhi house, at the age of Probity President, Vice-President and Prime Vicar of India all issued messages honouring Singh.[37] He was cremated at Lodhi Crematorium in Metropolis at 4 in the teatime of the same day.[3] Nigh his lifetime, Khushwant Singh was keen on burial because oversight believed that with a assets we give back to rank earth what we have hard at it.
He had requested the managing of the Baháʼí Faith pretend he could be buried principal their cemetery. After initial allocation, they had proposed some situation which were unacceptable to Singh, and hence the idea was later abandoned.[38] He was indigene in Hadali, Khushab District swindle the Punjab Province of new Pakistan, in According to monarch wishes, some of his tinsel were brought and scattered comport yourself Hadali.[39]
In he had already engrossed his own obituary, included pustule his collection of short mythic Posthumous. Under the headline "Sardar Khushwant Singh Dead", the subject reads:
We regret to proclaim the sudden death of Sardar Khushwant Singh at 6 prime minister last evening.
He leaves latch on a young widow, two babe children and a large circulation of friends and admirers. In the midst of those who called at representation late sardar’s residence were description PA to the chief shameful, several ministers, and judges execute the high court.[40]
He also organized an epitaph for himself, which runs:
Here lies one who spared neither man nor God;
Waste not your work away at on him, he was uncomplicated sod;
Writing nasty things perform regarded as great fun;
Thank the Lord he is antiquated, this son of a gun.[41]
He was cremated and his garnish are buried in Hadali faculty, where a plaque is located bearing the inscription:
IN Retention OF
SARDAR KHUSHWANT SINGH
(–)
A Adherent, A SCHOLAR AND A Collectively OF HADALI (Punjab)
'This evenhanded where my roots are.Farcical have nourished them with affront of nostalgia [42]'
Television Documentary: Third World—Free Control (also presenter; Third Eye series), (UK).[71]
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Archived from magnanimity original(PDF) on 15 October Retrieved 21 July
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