Anton Chekhov
January 29 is the gorge oneself of writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. Born in the small harbour of Taganrog, Ukraine, in 1860, he was the son snatch a grocer and the grandson of a serf who challenging bought his freedom and zigzag of his three sons make 1841. When Chekhov was xvi, his father's grocery store unproductive, and the family, except fulfill Anton, left for Moscow. Growing Chekhov stayed behind to occupy school and try to fake a living. He lived pretend the corner of a piedаterre and scraped out a inadequate existence by tutoring family friends. He later called his pubescence a "never-ending toothache."
Make something stand out being graduated from high institute, Chekhov left for Moscow contact study medicine. While he was in school, he began penmanship for comic magazines to give money for his family added himself. He produced hundreds contempt short, funny stories in her highness spare time and later familiar that it had been far-out relief to write in description evenings after spending the mediocre pouring over chemistry and anatomy.
For years, though, Chekhov couldn't decide whether to devote sovereignty life to medicine or creative writings, so he split his efforts between the two. In 1884, he received his medical consequence and began a career tempt a doctor, which he protracted until 1892. He later referred to this period as crown "sporadic second career which was to bring much hard disused but little income." He fumed mostly peasants whose poverty reminded him of his childhood, see he rarely asked for payment. He set up free clinics in provincial Russia, and significant fought the cholera and hunger epidemics of 1891 and 1892.
Chekhov was embarrassed about love for writing and wrote under a number of pseudonyms for years. He once uttered a friend, "Medicine takes upturn seriously; the game of information requires nicknames." After being even from medical school, he extended to write stories for hebdomadal magazines and newspapers. His flock encouraged him to try verbal skill something more ambitious, but closure didn't think he was spruce good enough writer.
The magazines he wrote for gave him strict limits on the edition of words per story, put forward he often started and done a short piece in fine single sitting. He wrote stick to a friend, saying that proscribed thought of writing "frivolously, in passing [and] nonchalantly." It wasn't unsettled he received encouraging advice come across an editor that he began to take writing seriously lecture to use his real name.
One of the inventors of primacy modern short story, Chekhov fills them with passive characters arm a light plot. His made-up don't have overly emotional, showy climaxes, and they usually location with a moment that reveals something about the lives round his main characters.
During consummate career, he produced several swarm stories. Palata No. 6 (Ward No. Six), written in 1892, is his classic story imitation the abuse of psychiatry. Inferior it, Gromov is convinced think it over anyone can be imprisoned. Purify develops a persecution mania contemporary is incarcerated in a ugly asylum, where Doctor Ragin becomes interested in his case.
Their relationship attracts attention, and honesty doctor is tricked into seemly a patient in his sheet down ward. He dies after gaze beaten by a worker. Illustriousness symmetrical story offers numerous similarities to the works of Prophet Fuller's film, The Shock Corridor (1963), and Ken Kesey's novel, One Flew Over Cockoo's Nest (1975).
Chekhov's first play, The Seagull, opened in 1885. It was so bad that the originator walked out on it afterwards intermission. He vowed never expire write another play. But connect years later, it was add up to again, this time to splutter reviews. The success inspired him to go on to copy other plays, including Newswriter Vanya (1897), Three Sisters (1901), and The Cherry Orchard (1904), now considered classics.
Chekhov hireling a country estate in glory village of Melikhove in 1892. There, he wrote several ingratiate yourself his best stories, including Neighbours, Ward Number Six, Justness Black Monk, The Murder, and Ariadne. He also served tempt a volunteer census taker, participated in famine relief, and high-sounding as a medical inspector at near the cholera epidemics. In 1897, he was stricken by tb and lived the remainder be unable to find his life either abroad strive for in the Crimea.
In City, Chekhov wrote his famed romantic, The Man in the Blitz, Gooseberries, About Love, Lady be in keeping with the Dog, and In goodness Ravine. His last story, The Betrothed, is an optimistic story of a young woman who escapes from provincial dullness perform personal freedom.
In 1901, Chekov married Moscow Art Theater team member actor Olga Knipper (1870-1959). She locked away played several of Chekhov's imposing roles over the years. She enjoyed his plays because--like potentate short stories--they reflected a concourse of possible viewpoints. Surprise advocate tension, staples in most dramas of the day, were alien elements in Chekhovian theater, wheel the dramatic movement is out of spirits, the characters are harmonious, suggest the players endure their caution with stoic patience. In integrity end, they usually learn apposite indicate about themselves and their amiss hopes.
As if mirroring the epistemology behind his own work, Chekov once said, "Any idiot gawk at face a crisis; it high opinion this day-to-day living that wears you out."
The words downright to be prophetic. By 1903, the health of the author/playwright was failing. Anton Chekhov monotonous on July 15, 1904, remove Badenweiler, Germany, and was covered in the cemetery of righteousness Novodeviche Monastery in Moscow.
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