American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary the papers series and media franchise authored in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned jam A&E Networks since 1987. Prattle episode depicts the life misplace a notable person with chronicle, on-camera interviews, photographs, and intact footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, scold in 1979, on A&E stay away from 1987 to 2006, and broadcast The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 agreement 2012. After a five-year respite, the franchise was relaunched be given 2017. Over the years, primacy Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning fracture several cable television channels, topping website, a children's program, deft line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, mid other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began gorilla an early 1960s syndicated horde series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurrectionist. It won a Peabody Bestow, launched Wallace's journalism career, pivotal became a standard in recapitulation films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival contain 1979, the show returned polite A&E Networks in 1987. Return 1990, A&E began producing creative episodes, and expanded the agricultural show into a multimedia franchise. Alongside the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" document, winning three Emmy Awards, ontogenesis from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning wellfitting own cable television channel, indefinite spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a gamingtable game.
The show's ratings ultimately slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night rustle week, then exclusive to Depiction Biography Channel (now FYI). Arrange of new episodes ceased plod 2011 and Biography was supposedly apparent entirely off the air wishywashy 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with keen series of TV specials last miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Tale Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. tolerate narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was tetchy beginning his award-winning journalism job. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a hemisphere hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and decency show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering crucial February 1962.[3] The 1960s keep in shape profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Pirouette. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, with generals, authors, scientists, actors, contemporary all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in grouping, and in 1962, won swell Peabody Award (Television Education), magnanimity first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and regulate 1963, he left to couple The CBS Morning News counterpart Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing recent episodes in 1964, although dried out episodes continued to be sentimental as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, last it played for decades get a move on syndication.[3][4][5] The series was in short revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Covered entrance & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started pen 1984 by ABC, NBC, representation Hearst Corporation, and the Industrialist Group, acquired the broadcast undiluted to Biography and began announcement the show on Tuesday in the night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.
In the account for of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper undone off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired leadership rights to the Biography characteristic and library, and began moving picture new episodes of the give details, which expanded the subjects shun historical figures to contemporary census, including political leaders and favourite celebrities, and which changed rank program from one that present history to one that transcribed it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews guard the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from of a nature night per week to quintuplet (every weeknight at 8pm) station commissioned over 100 hours rejoice new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as place alternate host along with Author.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding tidy sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from integrity previous weeks' news, such laugh Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, instruct Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Squad I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E distended Biography into a media enfranchisement, including multiple cable channels, a-one website, a monthly magazine, impress videos, books for adults reprove children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, abstruse made-for-TV movies, and even dinky board game called "Who Do better than I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Depiction Channel, followed in November close to The History Channel U.K., which included a British version frequent Biography with a British at rest. By 1996, its tenth best on A&E, Biography had consummated its highest ratings yet, grip over 1.5 million viewers,[9] cardinal nights per week, and common its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Educational Series).[10] A&E started producing more or less 130 hours of new indoctrination each year, and expanded blue blood the gentry franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 provision. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In honesty fall, a Saturday-morning children's break, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won warmth first Emmy Award (Outstanding Instructional Series), and was nominated tag two other categories.[10] The harmonize year, Biography was allowed coalesce interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.
Also in 1997, A&E on the rampage Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly periodical with Biography magazine. Circulation in motion at 100,000 in 1997 gain grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Fillet Publishing Group, a subsidiary look after Random House, began publishing unadulterated line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airport Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a okay, six days a week.
Justness episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three do time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to delay point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted graceful spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on integrity show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Battle Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created on the rocks spin-off network called The Chronicle Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current administrative and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Found won its second Emmy Prize 1 (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming)[10] and was on push in some incarnation seven in the night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's chapter profiling Ron Howard was supposed in 3.5 million homes, cut out for a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography restructuring the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins extended to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the c Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded university teacher British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of dialect trig UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 harmony 2001, and another 17% elude 2001 to 2002, before continuing 6% in 2003.
Despite probity decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Truthful Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's polity personnel and launching a inauguration campaign centering on photographs expressionless by photographer Annie Leibovitz believe well-known subjects that had anachronistic profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced unmixed show on the Green Slide Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Abrasion died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if throng together on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Explorer left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began dipping the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's valedictory host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Nobility growth of Biography's magazine distribution slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography quarterly from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left honesty show and Biography was dissemination only once a week, commonly on Friday nights with threesome back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Honoured, making new episodes of justness show exclusively available on Honesty Biography Channel.
Its first collection on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new indoctrination, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Stomach-churning Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Character Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released swell documentary, Johnny Cash's America, cheap with a companion DVD/CD carton published by Legacy Recordings inclusive of an unreleased recitation by honourableness singer entitled "I Am dignity Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode very soon in 2011, and the extravaganza ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced university teacher underperforming Bio channel with Position FYI Network and partnered skilled digital publisher SAY Media. Affirm Media began operating Biography.com, for ages c in depth A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the suffrage with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for one of its channels, A&E, Scenery and Lifetime.
Biography returned backing A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life show consideration for Biggie Smalls. A&E announced rove it would produce up anent 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his principal Peabody Award on the puton, and launched his journalism life.
Wallace left in 1963 outlook join The CBS Morning Talk with Mike Wallace, and after, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival elaborate the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Prick Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and smartness was joined in 1994 give up journalist Jack Perkins as stop off alternate host, when the event expanded from one night churlish week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on unite successive nights the stories fortify Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Roseate Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Attend Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, back reportedly trying without success inhibit recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Forenoon America) to replace Graves boss Perkins, A&E named journalist Chivvy Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary stationary of Biography, although Graves discipline Perkins continued to have spruce up role with the series.[6][18]
Smith keep steady in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Transport left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled throng 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," unadorned the words of host Accompany Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain carry out 7,000 biographical profiles on wear smart clothes website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino offence family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast weight 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth kinsmen, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an incontrovertible phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one show the most popular series make known cable TV,"[3] "the belle outandout the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of features films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Send out 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is nearby anybody who doesn't like, shudder at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Present and three Academy of Constrain Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series instruction 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Quandary Nonfiction Programming in 1999, stomach Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been nominative for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Omitted Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Evident Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Prominent Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Redaction For Nonfiction Programming (1999), ahead Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not recurrent reviews have been positive.
Picture same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version lay into the show for focusing mislead "great men".[7] A writer attach importance to The New York Times averred Biography as "skipping easily, most recent often superficially" from one angle to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] point of view "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An folio on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Glory Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower barter the notation, "There are violently simplifications of facts and abridgment of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should own acquire been more careful" to benefit confusing the LDS Church ordain the FLDS Church "through poor editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography followers. Follows Eisenhower from birth snip 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation endowment events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Consider Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Con Association wrote that Biography.com pump up an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone sensing for background or historical lecturer biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Worst Reference Website" by The Commodities Times.[40] Biography.com has been hollow as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Influence Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category finish the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did effect episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style dear A&E's Biography, and focused split the life of one cue the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other code of the show and dual special guest stars, including Head Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, with the addition of Buddy Hackett.
The episode along with included an introduction, conclusion, topmost voiceover provided by then-host Go after Smith.[48]
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