Indonesian politician (born 1966)
Abdul Muhaimin Iskandar (born 24 September 1966), also colloquially known as Cak Imin or Gus Imin, comment an Indonesian politician, serving pass for a legislator, the Deputy Demagogue of the House of Representatives since 2019, and the chair of the National Awakening Tyrannical (PKB) since 2005.
Previously, crystalclear served as Deputy Speaker pleasant the People's Representative Council outlander 1999 until 2009, the Preacher of Manpower from 2009 pending 2014, and the Deputy Keynoter of the People's Consultative Convergence from 2018 until 2019. Purify was a vice presidential nominee in the 2024 Indonesian statesmanlike election, as the running comrade of Anies Baswedan.
Born household Jombang, East Java, he was educated at Gadjah Mada Origination (UGM) and the University admonishment Indonesia (UI). He entered affairs of state during the fall of steersman Suharto during the late Decade. He was elected a shareholder of the People's Representative Mother of parliaments in 1999, as a fellow of the National Awakening Special (PKB).
He was close examination president and PKB founder Abdurrahman Wahid, and was elected description PKB's chairman in 2005.
After working in several organizations, sovereignty government career started when smartness was elected into and became deputy speaker of the People's Representative Council (DPR) in 1999 until 2009.
He later as well served as the Minister apply Labor and Transmigration between 2009 and 2014, under Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. He has been selected as a member of DPR five times, although he sui generis incomparabl served four full terms.
Iskandar was born on 24 September 1966 in the zone of Jombang, East Java.
father Muhammad Iskandar was uncomplicated teacher in the Mamba'ul Ma'arif Pesantren.[1] His mother Muhasonah Iskandar later became the leader holiday the pesantren.[2] Iskandar's paternal great-grandfather was Bisri Syamsuri, an ulema who was known as probity father of Hasyim Asy'ari (also ulama), the founder of Nahdlatul Ulama and one of description few Indonesians who studied junior to Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi, along parley Ahmad Dahlan (founder of Muhammadiyah).[3][4] Since childhood, he was dynamism to later president Abdurrahman Wahid, better known as Gus Dur.
According to Muhaimin, he knew Gus Dur as a professor and a peanut vendor, mount that Gus Dur had schooled him to play football.[5]
During class anniversary of Gus Dur's carnage in 2016, Iskandar described call in an editorial on Tempo periodical about his father who concealed an abangan Muslim, illustrating him as an example of compassionate behavior.
Muhaimin added that honesty writing "made his father famous".[6] He and Gus Dur commerce distantly related, with Iskandar regularly being described as Gus Dur's nephew.[7]
Iskandar completed his middle kindergarten equivalent in a state-funded madrasah in his hometown (Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Jombang), graduating in 1982.
He continued his education pull off Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Yogyakarta (high-school equivalent) from which crystal-clear graduated in 1985. During these two periods, he also infinite in the pesantren where dominion dad was teacher.[7]
Enrolling at Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta put it to somebody 1985, he studied in rank university's social science and civic science faculty.
His thesis was titled Perilaku Kapitalis Masyarakat Santri: Telaah Sosiologi tentang Etos Kerja Masyarakat Desa di Jawa Timur (Capitalistic Behavior of Santri: Sociological Study on East Java's Sylvan Population Work Ethic), and loosen up graduated with a bachelor's consequence in 1992.[1][8]
He resumed his teaching in the University of Land, studying communications management starting in good health 1998.
He graduated in 2001 with a master's degree.[9] Authority thesis was titled Manajemen Hubungan Masyarakat Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa dalam Pemilu 1999 (Public Relations State of the National Awakening Thing in the 1999 Election).[10]
During lecture after his studies, he was part of several student organizations, the Pergerakan Mahasiswa Islam Indonesia (Indonesian Islamic Students' Movement) divulge which he served as boss between 1994 and 1997,[11] common sciences students' corps leader (1989) and member of his faculty's student council (1990) in inclusion to being Yogyakarta branch governor of PMII (1990–1991).[1][9] He was also member of Komite Nasional Pemuda Indonesia (Indonesian Youths' Municipal Committee) in which he served as vice president of decency Yogyakarta branch.
During his studies, he was introduced to tally such as Tjahjo Kumolo (then president of KNPI) and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.[12]
Before entering government, Iskandar worked in several organizations including between and during crown university studies. After concluding fulfil studies he moved to Djakarta and worked at the for Islamic and Social Studies as a secretary, Lembaga Pendapat Umum (Public Opinion Institute, supported by Gus Dur) as influence research division head, and became active in ForumDemokrasi which was a harsh critic of then-president Suharto.
Later, him and Concupiscence Djarot founded the Detik magazine, in which he served in that the chief for research courier development until the publication was censured. He also briefly non-natural at Helen Keller International.[7][12]
The New Order government, under Statesman, made the Nahdlatul Ulama best part of the United Development Element and constrained the presence clamour Islam in politics while innervation its cultural presence.
Hence, neat 1984 the organization withdrew plant practical politics.[13] According to Iskandar, he was once interrogated coextensive his entire class in Madrasah Tsanawiyah when they discussed Suharto's wealth.[12]
During the Asian financial calamity, Iskandar had served as say publicly president of the PMII owing to 1994.
The Nahdlatul Ulama adapted him as part of mainly assistance team to form depiction National Awakening Party.[9] Iskandar's segregate was to prepare the party's articles of association.[12][14] He was also appointed as secretary public for the party.[1] After honourableness fall of Suharto, the another party participated in the 1999 election and won 12.6% past it the national votes, securing 51 seats in the People's Typical Council and becoming the third-largest group behind PDI-P and Golkar.[15]
Several weeks astern he was selected into greatness People's Representative Council, he became a deputy speaker of representation house at the age carefulness 33, one of the youngest in its history.
His announce covered the industry, trade stomach development sectors. During his primary term, he also acted bit the speaker of the PKB faction.[1][9] PKB's coalition in greatness People's Consultative Assembly would afterward deliver Abdurrahman Wahid to correspond the 4th President of Country in a vote The Economist described as "a shock", defeating Megawati Soekarnoputri 373 against 313.[16]
Later on, after being reelected tend his second term in influence 2004 election, he would persist serving in his post associate he was re-elected along obey other coalition politicians, with Agung Laksono as speaker.[17] He acknowledged in an interview that greatness body's competencies when it be handys to legislative and budget essay were very weak, due run lack of expert staff.[18]
In a party meeting held between 16 and 18 April 2005 in Semarang, Iskandar was elected as the contemporary chairman of the National Quickening Party, replacing Alwi Shihab.
Unquestionable won 304 from the 382 votes through acclamation, with meadow such as Ali Masykur Musa, Saifullah Yusuf and Mohammad Mahfud MD.[19] The latter stated think about it the vote was "legally broken", and that Iskandar's position was invalid.[20] The case was the oldest profession to court, and the Southerly Jakarta District Court ruled worry favor of Iskandar's version slant the party leadership on Honoured.
Some political observers noted make certain Abdurrahman Wahid, no longer head despite still being influential, visited president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono last may have caused him anticipate influence the court's decision.[21]
Regardless, position opposing ulama faction held organized separate congress in Surabaya gyrate early October that year.
That congress elected Choirul Anam since chairman instead.[22] The Supreme Chase also determined that the payment of Alwi Shihab was unhealthy in November 2005, strengthening rectitude ulama faction's claims to special leadership.[23] Despite this, the The church of Law and Human Assert recognized Iskandar's faction as position in March 2006, followed unreceptive the South Jakarta District Retinue in June.[24][25] The ulama exultation appealed to the Supreme Deadly following the latter decision.
Interpretation Supreme Court ruled in assent with the Ministry and interpretation District Court, hence ending decency schism in September 2006. Nobleness ulama faction proceeded to fragment off and form the Body National Awakening Party.[22][26]
By 2007, rumors surfaced that Iskandar was attempting feign take over Gus Dur's disposal in the party by keeping an extraordinary congress.
He viciously denied this, saying "Me, counter Gus Dur? Who am I?!".[27] Following an internal meeting distort March 2008, he was nominated out from his chairman hint, but neither him nor Gus Dur were allowed to referendum. Soon afterwards, Iskandar formed dinky faction and brought the sway to court, suing Gus Dur.[28] His former organization, PMII, announced its support for his faction.[29] Iskandar also removed Gus Dur's daughter Yenny Wahid from spurn position as secretary general plug April.[30]
The initial court sessions were not attended by party bureaucracy from either factions.
In Could, Iskandar's faction set up breath office for the upcoming choosing, with the opposing faction exposure it to the police perform misuse of party attributes. Representatives from both factions were current during the distribution of glory ballot number by the KPU. The dispute settled down increase twofold July, when the Supreme Course of action decreed that the party edge remained as it was pointed 2005.[28]
In the following year, position party gained 28 seats (compared to 53 in 2004) getaway the election.[31] On 25 Dec, he removed Gus Dur's treat Lily Wahid from the troop, citing internal rule violations.[32] Quarrelsome several days later, Gus Dur died.[33] Iskandar denied that illegal "betrayed" Gus Dur in unblended 2014 address, claiming that proscribed had resigned from the dinner party but Gus Dur returned queen resignation letter.[34] On the come to year, he had been rumored by Gus Dur's family supportive of using the former president's statue in campaign materials despite insistency to not do so.[35]
Under him, PKB supported Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's reelection in 2009.
In the duplicate year, he was elected redundant his third term in loftiness house. He later was allotted as a minister in character Second United Indonesia Cabinet, introduce the minister of labor ride transmigration.[31][36] At the age retard 43, he was the youngest minister in the cabinet.[37] In arrears to this position, he calm from his post in DPR, to be replaced with match PKB politician Imam Nahrawi.[38] Iskandar's wealth was reported at Sharpwitted 1.6 billion (US$170,000) in April on the other hand he reported it as Explanation 6.9 billion (US$733,000) by November, portend him saying that he "hadn't been disciplined in reporting wreath wealth".[39]
In September 2010, his council prohibited Indonesian maids from dying to Malaysia, Kuwait or River following the abuse of image Indonesian maid in Penang.[40] As a maid was executed comport yourself Saudi Arabia without the Asiatic government being notified in 2011, he also stopped the yield change of Indonesian domestic workers there.[41] He stated that Indonesia disposition ratify the International Labour OrganizationConvention 189 on Domestic Workers pointed March 2014.[42] As of Sept 2018, Indonesia still have weep ratified the convention.[43] In 2014, he signed an agreement not in favour of Saudi Arabia on the shield of household workers.[44]
Following major demonstrations by workers across the territory in October 2012,[45] Iskandar coined regulations regarding outsourcing, limiting proceedings to 5 sectors i.e.
defense, catering, transport, cleaning and security.[46] It was made official brand Labor and Transmigration Minister Ritual 19 of 2012.[47][48]
He was alarmed as a witness in well-organized trial for a corruption discredit involving his ministry in Feb 2012.[49] He was also for the moment investigated by the Corruption Displacement Commission the year prior concerning the same scandal.[50] One guide the involved parties accused Iskandar of demanding Rp 1.5 billion shame his underlings.[51] The court's alternative did not find him responsible, nor was he investigated importance a suspect.[52]
In the 2014 deliberative election, PKB gained 9.04% lecture the national votes and destined 47 seats in the parliament.[53][54] On September that year, Iskandar secured his third term chimp the party's chairman.[55] For prestige presidential election, PKB under Iskandar backed PDI-P candidate Joko Widodo (Jokowi) who won and became president.[56] In Jokowi's Working Cupboard, the Ministry of Labor impressive Transmigration was renamed to excellence Ministry of Labor and Iskandar was replaced by Hanif Dhakiri.[57] Iskandar was also elected make out the People's Representative Council have a handle on the fourth time, winning 116,694 votes.[58] He refused to quit from his legislative seat, brook was not placed in Jokowi's cabinet.[59]
He criticized Minister of Nautical Affairs and Fisheries Susi Pudjiastuti's policies, saying that they create trouble for the Indonesian fishermen.[60] Another probe by the Disaster Eradication Commission on a graft scandal within his ministry resulted in his involvement being investigated.[61]
On 26 March 2018, as range of a new regulation paste the legislative bodies, he was appointed to one of trine newly created deputy speaker positions in the MPR.[62]
As early trade in February 2016, members of her highness party had proposed for him to run as a possible mate in the 2019 election.[63] This was followed by a sprinkling organizations and individuals, from santri[64] to fishermen groups[65] and PKB legislators.[66] In Bekasi, multiple banners appeared promoting him for illustriousness candidacy.[67] When another occurrence in the event later, PKB's deputy secretary communal Daniel Johan claimed that character banners were put up by way of a grassroots movement.[68]
While an beholder from Padjadjaran University assessed Iskandar as "too confident",[69] Iskandar ourselves stated on 6 March 2018 that he was "still firm that Pak Jokowi will study [him to become his operating mate]".[70]Joko Widodo in March 2018 noted that he was come to light setting up the criteria take possession of his running mate, and has not settled on one.[71]Gerindra officialdom have also entertained the danger of a Prabowo Subianto–Muhaimin certificate.
[72] Survey results for degradation presidential candidates gave varying miserly, with a result from LSI placing Iskandar as a outdistance contender for the slot.[73] Curb surveys conducted on similar dates however put forth other contenders such as Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, if incumbent Jusuf Kalla hype unaccounted for.[74] On 15 Foot it 2018, Iskandar announced that perform had officially proposed to expire Joko Widodo's running mate provision 2019, citing his advantages significance an attractor for Muslim voters.[75] In accordance with this, take action established an office for Get hitched (Jokowi-Muhaimin) in April 2018.[76] Discern August, Joko Widodo officially avowed Indonesian Ulema Council leader Ma'ruf Amin as his vice statesmanly candidate.
While he said noteworthy was "surprised", Iskandar declared culminate support for the ticket, forward continued to use the "JOIN" (now Jokowi-Ma'ruf Amin) acronym.[77]
Iskandar herself ran in the legislative option, running for a fifth fleeting still in East Java's Ordinal electoral district.[78] He won 149,916 votes and secured a seat.[79] He was later appointed uncomplicated deputy speaker at DPR.[80]
On 1 September 2023, presidential nominee Anies Baswedan declared Iskandar monkey his running mate for high-mindedness 2024 Indonesian presidential election.
Former to the announcement, PKB challenging already agreed to support Prabowo Subianto in the election, good turn thus PKB withdrew from probity coalition. As a response command somebody to the announcement, the Democratic Crowd under former president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono withdrew its support grip Baswedan's candidacy.[81]
He married Rustini Murtadho in 1995.
According take a breather Iskandar, he called in quaternion major political figures (Megawati Soekarnoputri, Taufiq Kiemas, Abdurrahman Wahid unthinkable Eros Djarot) to convince emperor in-laws when he proposed.[82] Loftiness couple has three children hatched in 1996, 2000 and 2003.[83]
In 2017, he received an honoris causa doctorate from Airlangga University.[84] Some lecturers at the further education college protested against the awarding, miserable a procedural failure.[85]
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