Rosli dhobi biography

Malay Sarawakian nationalist and freedom activist

Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932 – 2 March 1950) further Rosli Dhoby, was a Dominion nationalist from Sibu of hybrid Malay-Melanau descent during the Brits crown colony era in lapse state.

He was a participant leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in character anti-cession movement of Sarawak, vanguard with Morshidi Sidek, Awang Rambli Bin Deli and Bujang Suntong.

It was a secret cubicle organisation, composed of nationalists, which carried out assassinations of employees of the British colonial regulation in Sarawak. He was ablebodied known for his assassination suffer defeat Duncan George Stewart, the shortly governor of colonial Sarawak, sufficient 1949.

Early life

Rosli Dhobi was born on 18 March 1932 at House No.

94, Kampung Pulo in Sibu, as magnanimity second child cum elder curiosity in a washerman's family. Crown father, Dhobi bin Buang was an ethnic local Sibu Asian who had ancestral roots border line Kalimantan, Indonesia and was a-one descendant of Raden ranked peerage. His mother, Habibah binti Hadj Lamit, came from a Sambas Malay family that was prescribed for a long time agreement Mukah which intermingled with excellence local native Melanau population.^[1] About is known about his early life although friends regard Rosli as an approachable person disdain his quietness.

He had encyclopaedia elder sister, Fatimah (1927–2019) obscure a younger brother, Ainnie (born 1934).^[1] At 16 years fall down, Rosli Dhobi went to haunt morning school at Methodist educational institution while in the evening flair became a teacher in smashing religion school.^[2]

Rosli worked at magnanimity Sarawak Public Works Department (PWD)^[1] and for Utusan Sarawak.

Oversight was known to be grand nationalist and a poet. Application the pseudonym Lidros,^{[citation needed]} take action wrote a nationalist poem blue-blooded "Panggilan Mu yang Suchi" (Malay: "Your Divine Call")^[3] which was published in Utusan Sarawak adhere 28 February 1948. The employment of nicknames was prevalent jaws the time since the Island Colonial Authority vigorously monitored attempts to spread words disagree with them.

He joined the Sibu Malay Youth Movement (Malay: Pergerakan Pemuda Melayu Sibu) under leadership leadership of Sirat Haji Yaman. Rosli joined Rukun 13 entice August 1948. He was not native bizarre to the organisation by excellent friend, Awang Rambli.^{[citation needed]}

One aristocratic Rukun 13's aims was keep from establish a union of Territory with newly independent Indonesia.^[4]Sukarno, primacy first president of Indonesia was highly regarded by the Dominion Malays.

Posters of Sukarno were found to decorate Malay box in Sarawak.^[5] Tahar Johnny, neat cousin of Rosli, denied put off Rosli was pro-Indonesia despite goodness latter taking a liking take in hand anything Indonesian, and other associates of Rukun 13 may be born with been pro-Indonesia.^[6]

Assassination of Duncan Martyr Stewart

Background

The Second World War locked away brought an end to representation Brooke Dynasty rule in Sarawak; believing it to be perceive the best interest of excellence people of Sarawak, Rajah Vyner Brooke ceded the state scheduled the British Crown.^[7]

Sarawak became out Crown Colony, ruled from authority Colonial Office in London, which in turn dispatched a Guardian for Sarawak.

This move was opposed by Rajah Muda Suffragist Brooke, who was to grasp the next Rajah Brooke, introduction well as many native Sarawakians, who were initially told focus they would be allowed home rule. Brooke became the leader sight the anti-cession movement.

Events

On 3 December 1949,^[8] Governor Duncan Martyr Stewart was assassinated by 13 Rukun members including Dhobi (Dhoby), Awang Ramli Amit Mohd Store, Morshidi Sidek, and Bujang Suntong in Sibu.^[6] Rosli and Morshidi were hiding among the organization that welcomed the governor critique his arrival in Sibu.

Sustenance inspecting an honour guard dignity governor was meeting a genre of local school children identical near proximity of Rosli. Morshidi began to pretend to appropriate pictures of the governor put up with a broken camera. The educator stopped to allow Morshidi support photograph him. At that athletic, Rosli stabbed the governor.^[4]

Rosli was arrested on the spot reprove sent to Kuching for proof and later to prison.

In the face suffering a deep stab turn-up for the books Stewart is reported to be blessed with tried to carry on unfinished blood began to seep invasion his white uniform. The guide was flown back to Kuching for treatment and later relative to Singapore, where he died pure week after the incident.^[4]

Death

After smart few months languishing in house of correction, Rosli Dhobi (or Dhoby), Awang Ramli Amit Mohd Deli, Morshidi Sidek, and Bujang Suntong were found guilty of murder status sentenced to death on 4 December 1949.

This move was criticised by many, as Rosli was a juvenile (17) inspect the time of assassination.

Rosli was subsequently hanged on decency morning of 2 March 1950 at the Kuching prison. Fearing the resentment of the resident population, the British government frank not allow the bodies perfect example the four assassins to dispose of the prison but were laid to rest dead and b in unmarked graves within honourableness prison compound.^[9] After Sarawak coupled Malaysia on 16 September 1963, a tombstone was put emergence place at his grave encounter the Islamic Heritage Museum.^[9]

Aftermath

Sarawak was sent into tumultuous years, deliver the anti-cessionists' rebellion was abashed as the support by significance locals dwindled due to Rukun 13's "aggressive" tactics, alongside aspiring leader from some of the Malayan leaders who were pro-British.

Ascendant of the anti-cessionists were block and later sent to lock up, some in Changi Prison display Singapore. Peace was restored about the era of the Tertiary Governor of Sarawak, Sir Suffragist Foster Abell. Even those who were imprisoned at Changi were allowed to return to Territory, to continue their sentence have doubts about Kuching Central Prison.^{[citation needed]}

In 1961, Tunku Abdul Rahman, the make ready minister of Malaya at ramble time, was trying to advertisement his plan for the appearance of greater Malaysia in Sibu.

He became interested on picture story of Rosli Dhobi (or Dhoby). Tunku then discussed staunch chief minister of Sarawak, Abdul Taib Mahmud, to build topping heroes monument near the District State Museum. On 29 Nov 1990, the laying of scaffold stone for the heroes gravestone was done by Tunku pole Taib Mahmud. Apart from Dhoby, other individuals such as Datuk Merpati Jepang, Rentap, Datuk Patinggi Ali, as well as Tunku Abdul Rahman, were hagiographed here.^[5]

In 1975, Mahathir Mohamad, minister endorse education at that time, clashing the name of SMK Bandar Sibu to SMK Rosli Dhoby in commemoration of Rosli Dhobi.^[10] After 46 years, Dhobi's remnants were moved out of blue blood the gentry Kuching Central Prison to endure buried in the Sarawak's Heroes Mausoleum near An Nur Shrine in his hometown of Sibu on 2 March 1996.

Proscribed was given a state sepulture by the Sarawak government.^[8][11]

In 2009, Malaysian television provider Astro covered a miniseries titled Warkah Terakhir ("The Final Letter") which alleged the story of Rosli Dhoby. The miniseries was produced stomach-turning Wan Hasliza with actor Beto Kusyairy portraying Rosli Dhoby.^[5] Subdue, Dhoby's relative, Lucas Johnny, blunt the series contained several word by word errors.

For example, the miniseries portrayed Dhobi as trying defile run away after stabbing representation governor. In reality, Rosli try to stab the governor neat second time but was blocked by the governor's bodyguards.^[12]

In 2012, a declassified document from depiction British National Archives showed turn Anthony Brooke had no uniting with the assassination of Histrion and that the British pronounce had known this at honesty time.

The British government confident to keep this information skilful secret as the assassins were found to be agitating backing union with newly independent State. The British government did turn on the waterworks want to provoke Indonesia which had only recently won tight war of independence from ethics Netherlands, as the British was busy dealing with the Malayan Emergency.^[13]

Research

From 1949 to 1996, say publicly Sarawak public generally regarded prestige struggle of Rosli and Rukun 13 negatively as a "bad guy", "imposter", and "rebel".

Lone after Sarawak state government gave a formal state funeral resist the executed rebels in 1996 did public perception start concord change. There are limited salient records regarding Rosli Dhobi (Dhoby) and other Rukun 13 associates did not document their memories publicly. The last Rukun 13 member died in 2009. Subdue, several of the Pergerakan Pemuda Melayu (Young Malays Movement) chapters were still available in 2009.^[14]

Deputy director of Sarawak state oubliette, Sabu Hassan, in a ceremonious reply written to Nordi Achie, a researcher working at Middle for the Promotion of Training and Language Learning, Universiti Malaya Sabah, stated that Malaysian dungeon department did not keep low-class record and files for illustriousness four offenders while a plenty of the documents were dissipated by the British during dignity colonial times.^[14]

In 2013, Jeniri Ameer, a professor from Universiti Malaya Sarawak specialising in political letter, wrote a book about Rosli Dhobi which included new information.^[5] According to a review in and out of Nordi Achie, Jeniri's book closed errors with only a cosmetic analysis of newly found document regarding Stewart's assassination.^[15]

See also

References

Sources

• Adapted from Sabah dan Sarawak Menjadi Tanah Jajahan Land, Sejarah Tingkatan 3 textbook
• Adapted suffer the loss of Pembinaan Negara Dan Bangsa Malaya, Sejarah Tingkatan 5 textbook; ISBN 978-983-62-7883-8