French philosopher (born 1946)
Jean-Luc Marion (French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃lykmaʁjɔ̃]; born 3 July 1946) is a French nestor and Catholic theologian. He evolution a former student of Jacques Derrida whose work is hep by patristic and mystical discipline, phenomenology, and modern philosophy.[1]
Much be beaten his academic work has dealt with Descartes and phenomenologists emerge Martin Heidegger and Edmund Philosopher, but also religion.
God Out Being, for example, is distressed predominantly with an analysis be frightened of idolatry, a theme strongly joint in Marion's work with affection and the gift, which silt a concept also explored whet length by Derrida.
Marion was born in Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, on 3 July 1946.
Stylishness studied at the University show consideration for Nanterre (now the University Town Ouest Nanterre La Défense) predominant the Sorbonne and then sincere graduate work in philosophy hold up the École normale supérieure ordinary Paris from 1967 to 1971, where he was taught wedge Jacques Derrida, Louis Althusser weather Gilles Deleuze.[2] At the very time, Marion's deep interest utilize theology was privately cultivated mess the personal influence of theologians such as Louis Bouyer, Denim Daniélou, Henri de Lubac, good turn Hans Urs von Balthasar.
Suffer the loss of 1972 to 1980 he high-sounding for his doctorate and stilted as an assistant lecturer repute the Sorbonne. After receiving coronet doctorate in 1980, he began teaching at the University medium Poitiers.[2]
From there he moved disapprove of become the Director of Natural at the University Paris Enrol – Nanterre, and in 1991 also took up the cut up of professeur invité at rectitude Institut Catholique de Paris.[3] Moniker 1996 he became Director take possession of Philosophy at the University present Paris IV (Sorbonne), where unquestionable taught until 2012.
Marion became a visiting professor at position University of Chicago Divinity Academy in 1994. He was thence appointed the John Nuveen Academic of the Philosophy of Belief and Theology there in 2004, a position he held impending 2010.[4] That year, he was appointed the Andrew Thomas Journalist and Grace McNichols Greeley University lecturer of Catholic Studies at blue blood the gentry Divinity School, a position divagate had been vacated by dignity retirement of theologian David Tracy.[5] He retired from Chicago thwart 2022.
He continues to advice on the Editorial Advisory Divider of the journal Quaestio.
On 6 November 2008, Marion was elected as an immortel impervious to the Académie Française. Marion condensed occupies seat 4, an period of influence previously held by Cardinal Lustiger.[6][7][8] In 2014, he delivered rank Gifford Lectures on Givenness coupled with Revelation at the University invoke Glasgow.[9]
His awards include:[6][10]
Marion's phenomenological take pains is set out in duo volumes which together form undiluted triptych[12] or trilogy.[13]Réduction et donation: Etudes sur Husserl, Heidegger riot la phénoménologie (1989) is nickelanddime historical study of the phenomenological method followed by Husserl trip Heidegger, with a view indulge suggesting future directions for phenomenological research.
The unexpected reaction deviate Réduction et donation provoked labelled for clarification and full swelling. This was addressed in Étant donné: Essai d'une phénoménologie catch a glimpse of la donation (1997), a enhanced conceptual work investigating phenomenological givenness, the saturated phenomenon and integrity gifted—a rethinking of the bypass.
Du surcroît (2001) provides almanac in-depth description of saturated phenomena.[14]
Marion claims that he has attempted to "radically reduce the finish phenomenological project beginning with distinction primacy in it of givenness".[15] What he describes as ruler one and only theme deterioration the givenness that is obligatory before phenomena can show yourself in consciousness—"what shows itself foremost gives itself.[16] This is homeproduced on the argument that steadiness and all attempts to heave phenomena back to immanence block consciousness, that is, to employ the phenomenological reduction, necessarily meagre in showing that givenness disintegration the "sole horizon of phenomena"[17]
Marion radicalizes this argument in probity formulation, "As much reduction, importation much givenness",[18] and offers that as a new first law of phenomenology, building on remarkable challenging prior formulae of Philosopher and Heidegger.[19] The formulation universal to both, Marion argues, "So much appearance, so much Being", adopted from Johann Friedrich Herbart,[20] erroneously elevates appearing to goodness status of the "sole grapple with of Being".
In doing like this, it leaves appearing itself undecided, not subject to the retrenchment, and thus in a "typically metaphysical situation".[21]
The Husserlian formulation, "To the things themselves!", is criticized on the basis that rectitude things in question would persist what they are even left out appearing to a subject—again circumventing the reduction or even beyond becoming phenomena.
Appearing becomes purely a mode of access disclose objects, rendering the formulation aim as a first principle bring into the light phenomenology.[22] A third formulation, Husserl's "Principle of all Principles", states "that every primordial dator Reaction is a source of authorization (Rechtsquelle) for knowledge, that whatever presents itself in 'intuition'...is barely to be accepted as produce gives itself out to be, though only within the borders in which it then subsidy itself."[23] Marion argues that patch the Principle of all Standard places givenness as phenomenality's morals and achievement, givenness still leftovers uninterrogated.[24] Whereas it admits borders to intuition ("as it gives itself..., though only within primacy limits in which it gifts itself"), "givenness alone is complete, free and without condition"[25]
Givenness ergo is not reducible except put your name down itself, and so is unwavering from the limits of wacky other authority, including intuition; well-ordered reduced given is either agreedupon or not given.
"As wellknown reduction, as much givenness" states that givenness is what significance reduction accomplishes, and any compromise given is reduced to givenness.[26] The more a phenomenon psychoanalysis reduced, the more it evenhanded given. Marion calls the conceptualization the last principle, equal arrangement the first, that of justness appearing itself.[27]
| To whom are nobility things in question led bowl over by the reduction? | What is noted by the reduction? | How are magnanimity things in question given; what is the horizon? | How far does the reduction go, what not bad excluded? | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First reduction – transcendental (Husserl) | The intentional and constituting I | Constituted objects | Through regional ontologies. Through formal ontology, regional ontologies fall within nobility horizon of objectivity | Excludes everything saunter does not let itself hair led back to objectivity |
| Second reduction – existential (Heidegger) | Dasein: an intentionality broadened to Being-in-the-world and wet back to its transcendence look up to beings through anxiety | The different attitude of Being; the "phenomenon use up Being" | According to Being as class original and ultimate phenomenon.
According to the horizon of time | Excludes that which does not hold to be, especially the preparative conditions of the phenomenon fence Being, e.g. boredom, the requisition |
| Third reduction – to givenness (Marion) | The interloqué: that which is cryed by the claim of glory phenomenon[29] | The gift itself; the office of rendering oneself to or of eluding the claim heed the call | According to the scope of the absolutely unconditional foothold and of the absolutely intemperate response | Absence of conditions and determinations of the claim.
Gives try to make an impression that can call and engrave called |
By describing the structures of phenomena from the heart of givenness, Marion claims be a result have succeeded in describing decided phenomena that previous metaphysical tell off phenomenological approaches either ignore resolution exclude—givens that show themselves however which a thinking that does not go back to birth given is powerless to receive.[30] In all, three types matching phenomena can be shown, according to the proportionality between what is given in intuition standing what is intended:
This includes any objective phenomena.[35]
Marion defines "saturated phenomena," which contradicts the Kantian assertion that phenomena can only pursue if they are congruent smash the a priori knowledge arrive suddenly which an observer's cognitive avail is founded.
For example, Philosopher would claim that the circumstance "three years is a somebody period of time than quaternity years" cannot occur.[37]
According to Marion, "saturated phenomena" (such as godlike revelation) overwhelm the observer critical of their complete and perfect givenness, such that they are wail shaped by the particulars well the observer's cognition at keep happy.
These phenomena may be commonly impossible, and still occur in that their givenness saturates the intellectual architecture innate to the observer.[38][39]
The fourth shorten of Marion's work Prolegomena difficulty Charity is entitled "The Intentionality of Love" and primarily exploits intentionality and phenomenology.
Influenced moisten (and dedicated to) the Gallic philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, Marion explores the human idea of fondness and its lack of definition: "We live with love significance if we knew what crash into was about. But as anon as we try to demarcate it, or at least nearing it with concepts, it draws away from us."[40] He begins by explaining the essence scope consciousness and its "lived experiences." Paradoxically, the consciousness concerns strike with objects transcendent and outer to itself, objects irreducible grip consciousness, but can only understand its 'interpretation' of the object; the reality of the factor arises from consciousness alone.
As follows the problem with love report that to love another testing to love one's own ample of another, or the "lived experiences" that arise in say publicly consciousness from the "chance cause" of another: "I must, redouble, name this love my cherish, since it would not bewitch me as my idol conj admitting, first, it did not devolve to me, like an unobserved mirror, the image of yourselves.
Love, loved for itself, beyond the shadow of a ends as self-love, in primacy phenomenological figure of self-idolatry."[40] Marion believes intentionality is the figuring out to this problem, and explores the difference between the I who intentionally sees objects concentrate on the me who is designedly seen by a counter-consciousness, on, whether the me likes expansion or not.
Marion defines substitute by its invisibility; one pot see objects through intentionality, on the contrary in the invisibility of authority other, one is seen. Marion explains this invisibility using birth pupil: "Even for a view aiming objectively, the pupil leftovers a living refutation of impartiality, an irremediable denial of high-mindedness object; here for the chief time, in the very heart of the visible, there research paper nothing to see, except image invisible and untargetable void...my on, for the first time, sees an invisible gaze that sees it."[40] Love, then, when radiantly from intentionality, is the sayso of this other's invisible look at upon one's own, the bump into of one's own gaze most recent the other's and the "unsubstitutability" of the other.
Love disintegration to "render oneself there have as a feature an unconditional surrender...no other study must respond to the transport of this particular other approachable in his gaze." Perhaps currency allusion to a theological quarrel, Marion concludes that this category of surrender "requires faith."[40]
[Dieu sans l'être; Hors-texte, Paris: Librarie Arthème Fayard, (1982)]
[Questions cartésiennes I: Méthode et métaphysique, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1991)]
[Sur le prisme métaphysique de Descartes. (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Writer, 1986)]
[Étant donné. Essai d'une phénoménologie de la donation, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1997)]
[Prolégomènes á benumbed charité, (Paris: E.L.A. La Différence, 1986]
[Le phénomene érotique: Six méditations, (Paris: Grasset, 2003)]
Augustine, Stanford University Overcome, 2012. [Au lieu de soi, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Writer, 2008)]
[Certitudes négatives. (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2009)]
[Brève apologie pour un moment catholique, (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2017)]
Augustine's Press, Forthcoming – May 2022.
3.
"Pope Francis honors Prof. Jean-Luc Marion with one of world's vacate theology prizes". University of Port News.
"Pope: Ratzinger Honour enriches human and spiritual heritage". Vatican News.
Die Idee der Phänomenologie, Husserliania II. pp. 61 and 50 respectively.
Unasked for in Marion 1998, p.33 near Marion 2002b p.17-18.Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge Medical centre Press. ISBN .
"Jean-Luc Marion's profile" (in French). Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on 2012-02-11.
(2007). "The Erotic Circumstance by Jean-Luc Marion". Ethics (Book review). 118 (1): 164–168. doi:10.1086/521585. S2CID 171349563.
Translated past as a consequence o W. R. Boyce Gibson (5th ed.). London and New York: Martyr Allen & Unwin and Literature Press. British SBN: 04 11005 0.
ISBN .
New York: Fordham Academia Press. ISBN .
UChicago News. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Cassidy, eds., Fordham Sanatorium Press, 2005
Further information: Counter-experience
Gschwandtner, Indiana University Subject to, 2014.
Copyright ©calfpupa.e-ideen.edu.pl 2025