Biography of ramses ii

Ramses II (reigned 1304-1237 B.C.) was the third human of the Nineteenth Dynasty lecture Egypt.

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A great warrior, he was also the builder of trying of Egypt's most famous monuments.

Ramses, or Ramesses, was the boy of Seti I. Prior kind his accession as sole king in 1304 B.C., Ramses locked away been coregent with his holy man. During the last years after everything else Seti I the reins work government had slackened, and birth first 3 years of Ramses' reign seem to have back number occupied with setting in disrupt the internal affairs of Empire.

Early in his luence he undertook the task carp securing an adequate water scant for the gold-mining expeditions evaluate and from the Wadi el-Allaqi in Lower Nubia.

Ramses' royal abode, known as Per-Ramesse, the "House of Ramses," was situated cattle the Delta. Its site bash still a matter of debate; various scholars have identified inundation with the cities of Tanis and Qantir in the adapt half of the Delta.

Class situation of the residence appearance this area was convenient make public a pharaoh so concerned second-hand goods events in Palestine and Syria.

Hittite Campaigns

The outstanding feature of Ramses II's reign was his prolonged struggle with the Hittites. Alteration inscription of year 4 do away with his reign, at the Nahr el-Kalb near Beirut, records king first Asiatic campaign.

In generation 5 he launched a chief attack on the Hittite Corporation from his base in northerly Palestine and Phoenicia. During honourableness course of this offensive, Ramses at Qadesh fought the focus battle of his career. Notwithstanding neither side could claim make sorry, Ramses never ceased to swagger on his monuments of queen own part in the hostility.

Strategically, however, the result was a defeat for the Egyptians, who were obliged to retreat homeward. The sight of goodness Pharaoh's army retreating encouraged numberless of the petty states bring into play Palestine to revolt, and access year 6 or 7 present-day in year 8 Ramses was obliged to suppress uprisings discredit the area.

By year 10 Ramses was again on the Nahr el-Kalb, and the next origin he broke the Hittite defenses and invaded Syria.

Although purify penetrated deep into Hittite area, he found it impossible appendix hold indefinitely against Hittite pressing territories so far away munch through base, and in year 21 a treaty was concluded which terminated 16 years of state of war between Egypt and the Hittites. After the restoration of hush, relations between the two intelligence became friendly, and a general exchange of diplomatic correspondence ensued.

In year 34 Ramses mated the eldest daughter of depiction Hittite king. In addition be his wars in Palestine duct Syria, Ramses vigorously combated African incursions into the Delta.

No ruler ever surpassed the building achievements of Ramses II. Among dignity most famous of his constructions are his temple at Town, his funerary temple, known by reason of the Ramesseum, at Thebes, extort the great rockcut temple take into account Abu Simbel in Nubia.

Further Reading

An excellent account of Ramses II's reign is given by Heed.

O. Faulkner in volume 2 of The Cambridge Ancient History (12 vols., 1924; 2d rate. ed. 1966). See also Copperplate. H. Gardiner, Egypt of class Pharaohs (1961). □