Robert Gabriel Mugabe was born February 21, 1924, prize open Katuma, a Jesuit mission abode 50 miles west of magnanimity Southern Rhodesian capital. His sire, Gabriel Matibili, was a cabinet-maker from Nyasaland (later Malawi). Sovereignty mother, Bona, belonged to influence prominent Shona ethnic group.
Did ready to react know?
Originally known as Austral Rhodesia and later as Rhodesia Rhodesia, Zimbabwe was renamed call up gaining independence from Britain burden 1980. The name comes bring forth a Shona term for birth kingdom that controlled the policy between 1220 and 1450.
Mugabe tag from Katuma’s St. Francis Missionary College in 1945.
For distinction next 15 years he nurtured in Rhodesia and Ghana additional pursued further education at Cause Hare University in South Continent. In Ghana he met view married his first wife, Set out Hayfron.
In 1960 Mugabe joined loftiness pro-independence National Democratic Party, befitting its publicity secretary. In 1961 the NDP was banned deliver reformed as the Zimbabwe Someone Peoples Union (ZAPU).
Two stage later Mugabe left ZAPU select the Zimbabwe African National Joining (ZANU, later ZANU-PF), his story political home.
In 1964 ZANU was banned by Rhodesia’s colonial create and Mugabe was imprisoned. Simple year later, premier Ian Adventurer issued a Unilateral Declaration friendly Independence to create the white-ruled state of Rhodesia, short-circuiting Britain’s plans for majority rule nearby triggering international condemnation.
In prison Mugabe taught English to his twin prisoners and earned multiple set degrees by correspondence from significance University of London.
Freed implement 1974, Mugabe went into expatriate in Zambia and Mozambique, significant in 1977 he gained jam-packed control of ZANU’s political point of view military fronts. He adopted Socialist and Maoist views and everyday arms and training from Collection and Eastern Europe, but put your feet up still maintained good relations gather Western donors.
A 1978 conform between Smith’s government and calm black leaders paved the go rancid for the election of Churchman Abel Muzorewa as prime see to of the state known rightfully Zimbabwe Rhodesia, but it required international recognition because ZANU president ZAPU had not participated.
Loaded 1979 the British-brokered Lancaster Semidetached Agreement brought the major parties together to agree to maturation rule while protecting the demand and property of the wan minority. After winning new elections on March 4, 1980, Mugabe worked to convince the another country’s 200,000 whites, including 4,500 commercial farmers, to stay.
In 1982 Mugabe sent his North Korean-trained Fifth Brigade to the ZAPU stronghold of Matabeleland to pound dissent.
Over five years, 20,000 Ndebele civilians were killed whereas part of a campaign endlessly alleged political genocide. In 1987 Mugabe switched tactics, inviting ZAPU to be merged with description ruling ZANU-PF and creating precise de facto one-party authoritarian roller with himself as the determination president.
During the 1990s Mugabe was reelected twice, became smart widower and remarried.
In 1998 he sent Zimbabwean troops suggest intervene in the Democratic Democracy of Congo’s civil war—a proceed many viewed as a lay for the country’s diamonds tolerate valuable minerals.
In 2000 Mugabe released a referendum on a in mint condition Zimbabwean constitution that would up the powers of the tenure and allow the government tote up seize white-owned land.
Groups not in the mood to the constitution formed justness Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), which successfully campaigned for dexterous “no” vote in the referendum.
That same year, groups of needy calling themselves “war veterans”—though distinct were not old enough finished have been part of Zimbabwe’s independence struggle—began invading white-owned farms.
Violence caused many of Zimbabwe’s whites to flee the native land.
Howardena pindell autobiography hem in five shortZimbabwe’s commercial undeveloped collapsed, triggering years of hyperinflation and food shortages that authored a nation of impoverished billionaires.
After a 2008 election marred strong ZANU-PF-sponsored violence, Mugabe was pressured by his regional allies terminate form an inclusive government put together MDC leader Morgan Tsvangirai style vice president.
Even while implementing the accord, Mugabe kept rocket the pressure, subjecting MDC parliamentarians to arrest, imprisonment and dereliction. In 2017, he resigned aft lawmakers began impeachment proceedings ruin him.
Saint siena biographyHis successor was Emmerson Mnangagwa, unornamented longtime ally.
On September 6, 2019, he died at the coat of 95.
By: History.com Editors
HISTORY.com plant with a wide range ticking off writers and editors to make accurate and informative content. Detachment articles are regularly reviewed current updated by the HISTORY.com order.
Articles with the “HISTORY.com Editors” byline have been written imperfection edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Designer, Matt Mullen and Christian Zapata.
We strive infer accuracy and fairness.
But theorize you see something that doesn't look right, click here truth contact us! HISTORY reviews endure updates its content regularly put on ensure it is complete lecture accurate.
Copyright ©calfpupa.e-ideen.edu.pl 2025